- El Nino (Spanish for Christ Child) is the occasional development of warm ocean surface waters along the coast of Ecuador and Peru in South America. Even though El Nino occurs in the Pacific Ocean, it often reduces the number of hurricanes that form in the Atlantic Ocean. Conversely, La Niña events tend to be related to an increase in the number of Atlantic hurricanes.
- India beat Malaysia 4-3 to win Asian Champions Trophy for fourth time
- India hands over maritime surveillance aircraft Dornier to Sri Lanka.
- Wrestler Mohit Kumar made history by winning the U20 World Wrestling Championships.
- Arundhati Roy Books - The God of Small Things, The Ministry of Utmost Happiness, The Cost of Living, Listening to Grasshoppers: Field Notes on Democracy, etc.
Amartya Sen - The Argumentative Indian, Development as reason, The Idea of Justice, Inequality Reexamined, On Ethics and Economics, etc.
Amitav Ghosh - Sea of Poppies, The Hungry Tide, River of Smoke, Flood of Fire, The Shadow Lines, The Circle of Reason, etc.
- Vernacular Press Act of 1878, proposed by Lytton
- Maana Patel
- She is an Indian backstroke swimmer from Ahmedabad, Gujarat.
Chandragupta II(AD 380-415)
- He was also known as ‘Vikramaditya’.
- He issued silver coins.
- He further annexed territories including Saurashtra which gave him the western coastline.
- He is known as Saka Conqueror as he had annexed three Satrapa kingdoms and assumed the title Sakari (destroyer of the Sakas).
- He defeated the Saka king Rudrasimha III thus acquiring Saurashtra and Kathiawar.
- His other names (as mentioned in coins) include Vikrama, Devagupta, Devaraja, Simhavikrama, Vikramaditya Sakari, etc.
- His court had nine jewels or Navaratnas, nine people eminent in various fields of art, literature, and science. This included the great Sanskrit poet Kalidasa, Harisena, Amarasimha (lexicographer), and Dhanvantari (physician).
- Fa-Hien, a Buddhist from China visited India during his reign.
Chandragupta I (AD 319-335)
- He was the first Gupta ruler to assume the title Maharajadhiraja.
- He started the Gupta era in 319 - 320 AD.
- He was successful in building a small principality into a great kingdom.
- He established his authority over Magadha, Saketa, and Prayaga.
- He issued gold coins.
Samudragupta (AD 335-380)
- Samudragupta was the son of Chandragupta I and Kumaradevi.
- The Allahabad inscription describes his bravery as composed by his court poet, Harisena.
- He defeated nine kings of the Ganges Valley, twelve kings from the southern region, and eighteen forest tribes.
- He was also called 'Indian Napoleon' by Vincent Smith.
- He also performed Ashvamedha's sacrifice. Hence, one of his coins refers to him as 'the restorer of Ashvamedha'.
- He was also called 'Kaviraja' since he composed verses.
Kumaragupta (AD 415-455)
- He founded Nalanda University.
- He was the worshipper of Lord Kartikeya.
- Kerala is the largest producer of Rubber in IndiaBirju Maharaj attained prominence in Kathak dance form.
- Birju Maharaj attained prominence in Kathak dance form.
- Pinaki Chandra Ghose was the first Lokpal of India since 23rd March 2019 to 2023.
- The Lokpal has jurisdiction over the central government to inquire into allegations of corruption against its public functionaries and for matters connected to corruption.The Lokpal is responsible for enquiring into corruption charges at the national level while the Lokayukta performs the same function at the state level.
- On October 3, Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated ‘Atal Tunnel’ at Rohtang in Himachal Pradesh.
- It is the world’s longest road tunnel at an altitude of 3,000 metres from the sea level.
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